Designing of a Macro-Porous Film using Biomaterials to Evaluate their Degradation Nature and Enhance Mechanical Behavior for Various Industrial Purposes: Agriculture and Biomedical Field

Abstract

Superabsorbent hydrogels are a kind of gel that is formed by chemically stabilizing a tridimensional network of polymers with hydrophilic properties. Hydrogels are commonly researched and advocated for agricultural purposes during the past 40 years to improve water supply for plants by boosting the water-retaining qualities of growing media (substrates with or without soil). The bulk of commonly accessible commercially available hydrogels are acrylate-based. Hence not biodegradable. Because of the increased focus on environmental problems, biodegradable hydrogels are gaining popularity for possible commercial applications in agriculture, bioactive compound carriers. The usage of biomaterials is becoming more popular as a means of reducing the use of non-renewable resources and reducing environmental pollution produced by synthetic materials. Biopolymers’ biodegradability and non-toxic nature help to maintain our environment clean and safe. This study discusses how to improve the mechanical and physical characteristics of biopolymers, particularly in the realm of bioengineering. The synthesized cryogel characterized by morphological study (FE-SEM), mechanical analysis, degradation behavior and macro-porosity, water holding capacity, water retention nature. The paper begins with a fundamental introduction and progresses to a detailed examination of synthesis and a unique investigation of several recent focused biopolymers with mechanical, physical, and biological characterization. Biopolymers’ unique non-toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and eco-friendly features are boosting their applications, especially in bioengineering fields, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biomedical, ecological, industrial, aqua treatment, and food packaging, among others, at the end of this paper. The purpose of this research work is to provide an overview of the relevance of biopolymers in smart and novel bioengineering applications.