International Journal of Innovative Scientific Research
Mail your Manuscript at editor@ijisr.net International Journal of Innovative Scientific Research (IJISR) [ISSN: 3008-5039 / ISSN-L: 3008-5039] (previously hosted at journals.worldbiologica.com/ijisr) is an international peer-reviewed, quarterly online academic research journal publishing in all the fields of arts, sciences, engineering and technology. The IJISR is to create forum for review, reflection and discussion informed by the results of recent and ongoing research in each and every field of academia. The IJISR provides a forum for disseminating and enhancing theoretical, empirical and/or programmatic research across the all disciplines. IJISR encourage new ideas and works in all the fields and publishes high quality original papers, theory-based empirical papers, review papers, case reports, conference reports/papers, technology reports, book reviews, commentaries, events and news. Special issues devoted to important topics in all the fields. We welcome papers from both academicians and practitioners on theories, business models, conceptual paradigms, academic research and consultancy projects. The Journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications that have not been published or not being considered for publication elsewhere. Journal Particulars Title: International Journal of Innovative Scientific Research (IJISR) Frequency: Quarterly ISSN: 3008-5039 | ISSN-L: 3008-5039 Publisher: World BIOLOGICA Copyright: IJISR Starting Year: 2023 Subject: Multidisciplinary Subjects Language: English Publication Format: Online Publishing Model: Open Access Email id: editor@ijisr.net Website: https://ijisr.net
A Study on Acceptance of the Digital Transformation of the Radiology Diagnosis Process Using AI-Enriched Tools
As it happens in every major technological breakthrough, acceptance is an issue. Especially when this new technology causes transformation of existing business process, to which all stakeholders have to adapt. This is particularly the case with AI-enriched radiology tools that have started finding their way into the medical practice of several parts of the world. This mixed, qualitative and quantitative, study shows that TAM2 is still relevant to be used a driver of such studies for newer digital technologies and also that it has the power to produce meaning and actionable results. Moreover, this results can be perfectly exploitable from a marketing management perspective, since they provide the basis for a behavioural segmentation of the respondents along the well-known innovation adoption curve, enabling significant positioning and product launching decisions.
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Dragage de sable à Togbin dans la commune d’Abomey-Calavi: enjeux écologiques
L’exploitation du sable entraîne des conséquences importantes sur les ressources biologiques et l’équilibre écologique d’un milieu, notamment dans les zones humides d’importance internationale. La présente étude vise à analyser les enjeux écologiques liés au dragage de sable à Togbin, dans l’arrondissement de Godomey (commune d’Abomey-Calavi), situé au sein du site Ramsar 1017, reconnu pour sa mangrove et sa biodiversité fragile. La collecte des données s’est appuyée sur la recherche documentaire, les enquêtes de terrain et les observations directes. Les techniques utilisées comprenaient des entretiens individuels avec les autorités locales et les responsables ou représentants des carrières, ainsi que l’administration de questionnaires auprès de 100 ménages riverains. Les résultats montrent que l’extraction du sable affecte plusieurs composantes écologiques, notamment la végétation, l’eau, la faune et le sol. À Togbin, cette activité a entraîné la destruction du couvert végétal (95 %), en particulier la prairie herbeuse et la mangrove, la pollution du plan d’eau lagunaire (32 %), la diminution des ressources halieutiques (92 %), de la faune aviaire (42 %), des mammifères et reptiles (81 %), l’érosion du sol (58 %), ainsi que l’apparition de nouvelles espèces végétales (5 %) et animales (7 %). Pour limiter l’ampleur des impacts sur cet écosystème sensible inscrit au réseau Ramsar, il est recommandé de délocaliser le dragage vers les plaines d’inondation du fleuve Ouémé et d’autres zones dépourvues de mangroves, afin de concilier exploitation économique et conservation de la biodiversité.
Sébastien KOUTA et Darling M. A. LOKOSSOU
To Compare the Effect of the Circuit Training Program Versus Pilates on Lower Limb Strengthening, Dynamic Balance, Agility and Coordination in Recreational Badminton Players
Introduction: Badminton is a sport that requires high levels of strength, balance, agility, and coordination, especially in the lower limbs. Effective training strategies that improve these attributes are essential for enhancing performance and preventing injuries among recreational players. While both circuit training and Pilates have been suggested as beneficial methods, there is limited research directly comparing their effects on lower limb functional abilities in badminton players. Objective: To compare the effects of a circuit training program versus Pilates on lower limb strengthening, dynamic balance, agility, and coordination in recreational badminton players. Methodology: This experimental study involved 68 recreational badminton players aged 18 to 30 years. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A, which participated in a circuit training program, and Group B, which engaged in Pilates training. The interventions lasted eight weeks, with training sessions held three times a week. The outcomes measured included lower limb strength, dynamic balance (assessed using the Y-Balance Test), agility (measured with the Agility T Test), and coordination (evaluated through the Hand-eye Test). Assessments were conducted before the intervention, at the midpoint, and after the completion of the program. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) in all four variables following their respective interventions. However, the circuit training group exhibited greater gains in agility and coordination, while the Pilates group showed more pronounced improvements in balance and lower limb strength. Conclusion: Both circuit training and Pilates effectively improve lower limb strength, dynamic balance, agility, and coordination among recreational badminton players. Circuit training may be more beneficial for agility and coordination, whereas Pilates shows better outcomes for balance and strength. Integrating these methods can provide a comprehensive training strategy for badminton players.
To Compare the Effect of Pilates Method Versus Muscle Energy Technique Along with Conventional Therapy for Forward Head Posture in Collegiate Students
Introduction: Forward Head Posture (FHP) is a prevalent postural deviation among young adults, often attributed to prolonged screen use, sedentary behaviour, and poor ergonomic habits. This condition results in musculoskeletal imbalances such as weakened deep cervical flexors and overactive cervical extensors, contributing to pain, limited cervical range of motion, and functional impairments. Objective: To compare the effects of the Pilates method versus Muscle Energy Technique (MET), both combined with conventional physiotherapy, in managing FHP among collegiate students. Methodology: Fifty-four collegiate students diagnosed with FHP were randomly assigned into two groups. Group A (n = 27) received Pilates-based exercises with conventional therapy, while Group B (n = 27) underwent MET alongside conventional therapy. Both groups were treated three times per week over eight weeks. Outcome measures included the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Craniovertebral Angle (CVA), and Cervical Range of Motion (CROM), assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. Results: Both groups demonstrated statistically significant improvements within their respective interventions across all outcome measures (p < 0.05). However, between-group analysis revealed that Group A (Pilates) achieved superior results in pain reduction, postural correction (CVA), functional improvement (NDI), and cervical mobility (CROM). The differences between groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05), favouring the Pilates method. Conclusion: Although both the Pilates method and MET are effective in the treatment of FHP, Pilates demonstrated greater effectiveness in reducing pain, improving posture, and enhancing cervical function. These findings support the inclusion of Pilates-based rehabilitation in physiotherapy protocols targeting FHP in young adults.
Analysis of the Relative Performance of Smallholder Rice Farmers Under the Anchor Borrowers Programme in South-East, Nigeria
This study analyzed the relative performance of smallholder rice farmers under the Anchor Borrowers’ Programme (ABP) in South-East Nigeria. The research assessed the socioeconomic characteristics of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries and examined the factors influencing the value of paddy rice among both groups. A multi-stage stratified random sampling technique was employed to select 720 rice farmers (360 beneficiaries and 360 non-beneficiaries) across Abia, Anambra, and Ebonyi States. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires, while secondary data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, ADPs, and RIFFAN. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques. Results showed that male farmers dominated both groups, although female participation was relatively higher among beneficiaries. Beneficiaries had better educational attainment, smaller household sizes, and larger farm holdings on average. Regression analysis revealed that the value of paddy rice was significantly influenced by several factors: farming experience (p < 0.01), household size (p < 0.05 for beneficiaries; p < 0.01 for non-beneficiaries), gender (p < 0.01), cooperative membership (p < 0.01), farm size (p < 0.01), education (p < 0.01), and price of paddy (p < 0.01). Additionally, quantity of seed used was significant only for beneficiaries (p < 0.01), while income level significantly affected the value of paddy rice only for non-beneficiaries (p < 0.05). The suggested policy adjustments that promote inclusivity especially for female farmers, elderly farmers, and those with lower education. Enhanced extension services, simplified access procedures, and expanded cooperative frameworks are recommended to boost programme impact and close the productivity gap.
This study conducts a comparative analysis of the juvenile justice systems in India and the United States, examining their historical development, legislative frameworks, institutional structures, and treatment and rehabilitation approaches. The objective is to identify best practices, understand challenges, and suggest improvements within each system. India’s juvenile justice system, defined by the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, employs a centralized approach emphasizing rehabilitation and reintegration through various child care institutions. However, it faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and regional inconsistencies. Conversely, the U.S. juvenile justice system operates under a combination of federal and state laws, leading to significant variations across states. Historically, the U.S. has relied heavily on detention, but recent reforms have shifted focus towards community-based programs and mental health support. Challenges include racial and socioeconomic disparities and an over-reliance on detention. The study highlights that India’s uniform approach provides consistency but struggles with practical implementation, while the U.S. system’s decentralized nature fosters innovation but results in inconsistencies. Key recommendations include improving infrastructure and training in India and reducing reliance on detention in the U.S. Integrating effective practices from both systems could enhance global juvenile justice practices.
Food Security, Climate Justice and Energy Transition
The study was conducted on food security, climate justice and energy transition: a case of households in Imo State, Nigeria. The aim is to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the households and determine the effect of climate justice on food security status, energy consumption and socioeconomic factors. A multi-stage sampling procedure involving random and purposive sampling techniques was used to sample 360 respondents through well-structured questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analyzing the data. Results found that the average age of the respondents was 43.54 years, 66.11% of the respondents were food secure, 70.83% of the respondents were married, the average household size of the respondents was around 7 people per household, the average energy consumed by the respondents was N11,898.58, and the average monthly income was N365,972.22. The results of the effect of climate justice on food security, energy consumption and socioeconomic factors showed that the coefficient of multiple determination (R2) was 0.964, indicating that 96.4% of the variation in the impact of climate justice in the study area was explained by the variables in the model. With an F-statistic of 11.486, it is evident that the model effectively described the impact of climate justice. Variables such as food security status (P > 0.01), marital status (P > 0.01), and income (P > 0.1) exhibited a positive relationship with climate justice, while education (P > 0.1) and age (P > 0.05) showed a negative relationship. Energy consumption did not show and relationship on the climate justice. The study recommended continuous education should be considered appropriate for sustainable practices to mitigate climate effects on food security, Households should embrace solar systems as an alternative to fossil fuels for a cleaner environment and sustainable agriculture.
Note on Occurrence of Psilotum nudum (L.) P. Beauv in Gadchiroli District, (M. S.) India
Psilotum nudum (Psilotaceae) is recorded for the first time from the Gadchiroli District, Maharashtra. Morphology and ecology of the plant are provided. In addition, it is recommended that the species be conserved in Gadchiroli District.
Geo-Spatial Analysis of Landslides and Flood Hazards Driven by Climate Change and Quarrying in the Southern Western Ghats
This study investigates the influence of climate change and quarrying activities on landslides and flood hazards in the southern region of the Western Ghats, utilizing remote sensing and GIS data for comprehensive geo-spatial analysis. The Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is characterized by its biodiversity and fragile ecosystems, making it highly vulnerable to natural hazards such as landslides and floods, which are exacerbated by both climatic factors and human activities. The study specifically focuses on the interaction between changing climate patterns, quarrying, and their collective impact on the region’s vulnerability to these hazards. Remote sensing data, including satellite imagery from Landsat and MODIS, combined with GIS-based analytical tools, were employed to map the land use/land cover (LULC) changes, identify landslide and flood susceptibility zones, and assess the spatial distribution of quarrying operations. The study also included the application of hydrological models and rainfall intensity analysis to understand the relationship between extreme rainfall events and the occurrence of landslides and floods. Results from the study indicate a significant correlation between quarrying activities and an increased frequency of landslides, particularly within 500 meters of quarry sites. Additionally, the findings reveal that the southern Western Ghats are experiencing higher flood risks due to intensified rainfall patterns linked to climate change, with the most vulnerable areas being those with reduced vegetation cover and increased human-induced land disturbances. The analysis further highlights a clear trend of vegetation loss and increased built-up areas over the past two decades, particularly around active quarries. This study emphasizes the urgent need for integrated land-use management and policy interventions to mitigate the impacts of quarrying and climate change on the region’s natural hazards. The findings offer valuable insights for environmental conservation efforts, disaster risk management, and sustainable development strategies in the Western Ghats, advocating for the promotion of eco-friendly mining practices, stricter regulations on land use, and adaptive measures to combat climate-related hazards.
Digital Marketing and its Effectiveness for Small and Medium Enterprises in Belagavi
This study explores how digital marketing affects the growth and visibility of SMEs in Belagavi, focusing on business age, income levels, and industry sectors. A survey of 230 SMEs, combined with secondary data analysis, reveals that most SMEs are new and within the INR 1-5 Lakhs income range, with high digital marketing adoption, especially in the service sector. While SMEs are aware of digital marketing's benefits, they face challenges like limited budgets and expertise gaps (Foroudi et al., 2017). The research finds that younger SMEs adopt digital marketing more and that these strategies have a significant or moderate impact on visibility (Jin and Hurd, 2018).). The study recommends investing in digital skills and adapting marketing strategies for growth. These insights highlight the importance of digital marketing for SME success in Belagavi and suggest avenues for future research.
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in customer engagement has drastically a­­­­ltered the operating reality of Sri Lanka's banking industry by enhancing customer service speed and access, but customer satisfaction level is a key marker for analyzing AI service effectiveness compared to human interaction. The study utilizes a quantitative cross-sectional methodology to analyze and compare customer satisfaction levels between the two service delivery mediums. A structured survey was developed and randomly administered to 520 banking customers in Sri Lanka about their experiences according to the five dimension of the SERVQUAL Model (reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles). The results suggest that AI powered chatbots are typically consistent and efficient in performance. However humans are regularly rated higher in areas requiring emotional intelligence and connectivity which contributes positively to customer satisfaction. As discussed in the study the constructs predicted by the theoretical frameworks; Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT) and Social Presence Theory (SPT) identified these variables. The regression results indicated statistically significant difference in satisfaction levels and perceived effectiveness; human agents were rated more positively overall. These outcomes highlight the need for a hybrid service method that utilizes AI's efficiency as well as the relational and emotional abilities of humans. The outcomes provide practical advice to Sri Lankan financial institutions that want to improve customer experience with a hybrid strategy that allows for the right combination of automation and human effort in digital banking services.
Microcredit has been recognized as a tool for fostering economic and social empowerment among women, particularly in developing regions. This study explores the impact of microcredit on women's empowerment in Belgaum district, Karnataka, focusing on economic independence, decision-making power, and overall well-being. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through structured surveys and in-depth interviews. Quantitative findings were analyzed using statistical tools, while qualitative data provided insights into personal experiences. The results indicate that while microcredit has positively influenced economic independence, its social impact varies based on program design, cultural factors, and financial literacy. The study highlights the need for holistic approaches that integrate financial support with training and social interventions to enhance long-term empowerment.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Medicinal Plant Extracts in the Treatment of Candida Albicans Infections
Candida albicans is a common fungal pathogen responsible for a variety of infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The increasing resistance to conventional antifungal treatments necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic options. This study investigates the antifungal potential of various medicinal plant extracts against Candida albicans. Phytochemical analyses were conducted to identify active compounds, and their antifungal efficacy was evaluated using standard microbiological assays. The results demonstrated that several plant extracts exhibited significant inhibitory effects on Candida albicans growth. This suggests the potential of these medicinal plants as alternative or complementary treatments for Candida infections. Further research is needed to isolate specific bioactive compounds and understand their mechanisms of action.
India's constitutional commitment to religious freedom was envisioned as a foundational pillar to uphold the nation’s long-standing tradition of spiritual diversity and pluralism. This principle was meant to ensure that every individual could freely practice and propagate their faith, thereby fostering a harmonious coexistence of multiple religious communities. However, the practical implementation of this right has revealed critical tensions, particularly when absolute and unregulated religious freedoms are leveraged by radical or aggressive ideologies that disrupt social cohesion and challenge the democratic fabric of the nation. This study undertakes a civilizational analysis of India’s approach to religious liberty, with a specific focus on the implications of Islamist radicalism in the contemporary socio-political landscape. It argues that the current interpretation of secularism in India—often marked by an excessive deference to minority sensitivities and a dilution of the majority’s cultural ethos—has created a structural imbalance. Unlike nations such as Poland or Russia, which consciously preserve a cultural-religious core to maintain their national identity, India has often suppressed its civilizational majority voice, particularly that of Sanatan Dharma, in the name of a misapplied secular ideal. Through a critical re-examination of constitutional morality, national integration, and public order, this paper posits that unrestrained religious expression—when it undermines civil peace and national unity—must be addressed through a more nuanced legal and civilizational framework. It emphasizes that the protection and revitalization of Hindu cultural unity and Sanatan values are not antithetical to democracy but are in fact crucial for safeguarding India's pluralistic fabric. By realigning its secular ethos with its civilizational roots, Bharat can better navigate the complexities of religious freedom while reinforcing democratic resilience and social harmony.
Rehabilitation of a Partial-Maxillectomy Patient with a Split Obturator in Restricted Mouth Opening
Rehabilitation following surgical resection of the maxillary region is a challenging task for maxillofacial prosthodontists, with defect size and location impacting the level of impairment. The communication between the nasal and oral cavities often cause difficulties with speech, swallowing and aesthetic appearance. An obturator prosthesis is commonly used to address these issues in hemi maxillectomy cases. This article presents a case of maxillary defect caused by squamous cell carcinoma, featuring unfavourable undercuts and the patient with limited mouth opening. The defect was successfully treated with an immediate obturator post-surgery, followed by a one-piece, closed hollow bulb obturator. By utilizing the remaining palate and dentition, the prosthesis maximized support, stability and retention, while acting as a barrier between the oral and nasal cavities.
The Role of Nuclear Components in Dengue Virus Replication
This study investigated the interactions between nuclear components and the Dengue virus (DENV) core protein, focusing on their significance in viral replication. The nuclear proteins nucleolin, nucleophosmin, histone H2B, and RNA helicase DDX5 were identified as key players in enhancing DENV replication. Nucleolin, primarily involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis and processing, interacted with the DENV core protein to enhance viral RNA synthesis. Nucleophosmin, a critical factor in ribosome biogenesis and cellular stress response, facilitated viral particle assembly through its interaction with the core protein. Histone H2B, which plays a role in chromatin structure and gene regulation, modulated viral gene expression, optimizing the cellular environment for viral replication. RNA helicase DDX5, essential for RNA processing and modification, was found to promote the translation of viral RNA, further supporting the replication process. These interactions underscored the crucial role of nuclear components in the DENV lifecycle and provided insights into potential antiviral targets.
Measuring Test Anxiety Level of Rural and Urban Post-UTME Candidates from Different Socio-Economic Backgrounds When Exposed To Computer Based Test in Universities in Southwest Nigeria
The purpose of this study was to investigate the test anxiety level of rural and urban post- Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) candidates from different socio-economic backgrounds when exposed to computer-based test in Universities in Southwest Nigeria. A mixed method research design was employed, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods. The target population was all University post unified tertiary matriculation examination candidates in Southwest Nigeria during the year 2024. A sample of 1200 post-UTME candidates from rural and urban areas, and from different socio-economic backgrounds, participated in the study. The Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) was used to measure test anxiety levels, while a socio-economic status questionnaire was used to gather data on participants’ socio-economic backgrounds. The sampling procedure involved the use of stratified and simple random sampling techniques. The test-retest technique was used to determine the reliability of the instrument using the Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient which yielded a Coefficient of 0.82. The data analysis procedure for the two hypotheses that were raised to pilot the study was the t-test statistics. Results from hypothesis one revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in test anxiety levels between rural and urban post-UTME candidates when exposed to computer-based test {t(1198) = 4.23, p<0.001}. Results from hypothesis two revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in test anxiety levels between candidates from low and high socio-economic backgrounds, t(1198) = 4.21, P< 0.001). Findings of this study imply that test administrators should consider the candidates’ backgrounds when designing and implementing CBTs. Test administrators and educators could also develop targeted anxiety reduction strategies for rural candidates, who may be less familiar with computer-based tests. Test administrators should also ensure equal access to resources such as tutoring, test preparation materials and technology to help level the playing field.
Post-Unified Tertiary Matriculation (UTME)
A Comparative Study of Traditional and Activity-Based Costing Methods for Cost Allocation in Business Practices
Allocating direct and indirect costs has remained a contentious issue in the field of management and cost accounting for several decades. Existing studies have identified two key techniques for allocating these two costing elements: traditional costing technique and secondly, activities-based costing technique. Therefore, it remains unclear whether the traditional-based costing technique is superior to the activity-based costing technique. The current study is thus poised to investigate a comparative study of traditional and activities-based costing techniques using some existing studies as research methods. In this current study, different research on existing studies on this topic in the literature were reviewed. Over ten peer-reviewed journals were downloaded, and the findings, conclusions, and recommendations were synchronized into the current study to unravel the current state of knowledge on comparison between traditional and activity-based costing techniques for allocating direct and indirect costs. Therefore, the study concluded that the activity-based costing method gives management more detailed, meticulous, accurate, worthwhile, and objective information in the decision-making process than the traditional costing method. It is therefore recommended that businesses should consider an activity-based costing technique in allocating the costs because of the inherent benefits it presents to business practices.
Characteristic Study of Russula (Russulaceae) and its Socio-economic value in Respect of Bishnupur Forest of Bankura District, West Bengal, India
Fungi are playing an important role in forest ecosystem like decomposition of organic matter, cycling of nutrient and transport of minerals. About 1.5 million fungi as reported worldwide belong to different family among which Russulaceae is considered as one of greatest family. It has approximately 2000 species in entire world. Near about 180 species belong to the genus Russula and 92 species belong to the genus Lactarius under Russulaceae have been reported from India till now. This ectomycorrhiza group is playing a great role in biodiversity conservation. The recent study has been focused on characteristic analysis (morphology & anatomy) of Russula and its economical aspect. There were 6 species of Russula collected from Bishnupur forest. It was noticed that Russula are easily grown in the soil of Bishnupur forest than other adjacent areas especially Russula aciculocystis richness was very high around 57.1%. About 50% only edible, 33% inedible and 17% medicinal with edible nature of Russula have been reported currently. Monthly distribution in monsoon is also noticed where the population was 31% in July, 52% in August and 17% in September respectively in Bishnupur forest.
Artificial Intelligence & Quantum Computing for Causal Loop and Chronology Violation Detection
As admissible solutions to Einstein’s field equations, traversable wormholes present the prospect of non-trivial topological structures tying disparate areas of spacetime together. Their stability is seriously questioned because their theoretical existence, which is determined by the Morris-Thorne metric, requires the inclusion of exotic matter that violates the energy conditions. These structures also allow for the creation of closed timelike curves (CTCs), which could violate causality and cause paradoxes, undermining the basic tenets of chronology protection. Although different gravity models and semiclassical quantum effects suggest ways to maintain wormholes, it is still unclear how to precisely formulate stability criteria and causal consistency. In order to predict wormhole stability and identify the emergence of causal loops, this study makes use of deep learning techniques and artificial intelligence (AI). In order to evaluate the effect of exotic matter distributions on stability, Einstein’s field equations are numerically solved using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) under dynamic boundary conditions. Potential CTC formations and self-consistency violations are detected by tracing geodesic structures using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), Quantum Neural Network (QNNs)and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Furthermore, the exotic matter configuration is optimised via reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to minimise instabilities while maintaining traversability. This research advances the intersection of machine learning, general relativity, and quantum field theory in the study of spacetime topology and causality, analyses chronology protection mechanisms, and evaluates wormhole viability by fusing relativistic physics with AI-driven computational techniques.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs)
Life Style Dimensions and Brand Preference of Consumers-A Study with Reference to Durable Products in Cuddalore District
Life style of consumers depends on the product needs and preference patterns of consumers of durable products in the world. Life style is not an independent phenomenon but it depends upon the demographic characteristic of consumers. Life style changes over the time and it made deep in roads in any marketing areas globally. The globalization and privatization of Indian economy brought a tide of western life style and attitudinal changes among the consumers. The international brands are now competing with indigenous local brands simultaneously increased more expectation from consumers. The rapid changes in the customers psychology is completely based on the volume of brand over choice. The consumers are battled with the availability of similar brands and confused by the offers and gifts offered to them during the purchase of durable products. The present life style is responsible for the heavy competition among the marketers. Planning their strategies economy and attract them magnetically through celebrities.
Coumarin Based Analogues, a Vivid Terrace for Developing Oncology Medications
Coumarins are found in higher plants like Rutaceae and Umbelliferae and essential oils of cinnamon bark, cassia leaf, and lavender oil. It shows different biological properties, viz antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-HIV, antihypertension, anticoagulant, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, antidiabetic, anti-depressive, and other bioactive properties. Despite numerous effects of coumarins in the search for bioactive compounds, they remain as one of the most versatile class of compounds for anticancer drug design and discovery. Coumarin and its derivatives possess anticancer activity against different types of cancers such as prostate, renal, breast, laryngeal, lung, colon, CNS, leukemia, malignant melanoma. In this review, current developments of coumarin-based anticancer agents viz simple coumarin, furanocoumarin, pyranocoumarin, pyrone-substituted coumarin, and their important derivatives have been discussed. The coumarin-triazole, coumarin-chalcone, coumarin-thiosemicarbazone derivatives, and coumarin-metal complexes have been found more potent than coumarin. Hence, further study and structural improvement on coumarin and its derivatives may lead to the design and development of more potent anticancer agents.
Environmental and Social Challenges of Artisanal Recycling of used Tires in Garoua (North Cameroon)
Used tires are one of the solid wastes in Garoua, the second largest city in Cameroon, where their transformation through open-air incineration is significant and constitutes a highly harmful effect on the biophysical environment. The objective of this study is to assess the environmental and socio-health impacts of the artisanal transformation of used tires in the city of Garoua. To conduct this study, we focused on two approaches: empirical-inductive, based on observations, direct measurements, and personal description. Furthermore, the hypothetico-deductive method was used through field surveys, in which 160 questionnaires were administered to artisans, and interviews with garage owners and health officials were conducted. The results show that the factors driving the transformation of used tires are poverty and the search for income for families engaged in this activity (45%), and it allows 83% of these families to meet their basic needs. Soil is the most degraded component (41%), followed by plants (25%). Therefore, the strategies adopted to solve these problems are the practice of a modern transformation technique which is the incinerator furnace and the enforcement of environmental protection laws.
Identification of Human Blood Group Detection using Support Vector Machine and Image Processing
Human survival depends on blood, particularly in situations where transfusions are required. It is vital to know one's blood group under these circumstances. In the past, blood samples were mixed with chemicals, and the agglutination process was observed under a microscope to manually determine blood types. Although this method works well, it can take a lot of time and is prone to human mistakes. In the current digital era, image-processing techniques have made blood group determination more effective thanks to technological improvements. Modern solutions such as image processing now provide fast, accurate, and dependable outcomes. Image processing systems can accurately classify blood types by examining photographs of blood samples. In comparison to conventional methods, this approach allows for the precise identification of blood types in a shorter amount of time by processing datasets of blood samples and numerical data. A major change in medical diagnostics has occurred with the shift from manual to digital approaches, which increase accuracy and decrease mistake rates. Image processing is becoming the tool of choice for determining blood groups in medical settings as it advances. Automated systems are a useful tool in emergencies since they guarantee more accuracy and expedite processes. The support vector machine approach is employed in this study to identify and identify the various blood group kinds. The employed technique demonstrates a very high degree of blood group detection accuracy.
Emotional Intelligence in Interpersonal Communication
Emotional Intelligence plays a very vital role in shaping effectiveness in interpersonal communication. It has the ability to identify, comprehend, and manage one’s own emotions as well as the emotions of others. During communication, emotional intelligence helps individuals to convey their thoughts clearly and respond empathetically. This paper explores the key components of emotional intelligence in interpersonal communication. It emphasizes how these components contribute to fostering meaningful dialogue particularly in sensitive situations. The study also explores the challenges posed by low emotional intelligence in communication such as misunderstandings, emotional outbursts, and difficulty in resolving conflicts. Moreover, it investigates practical strategies for enhancing emotional intelligence such as mindfulness practices, emotional terminology expansion and reflective listening techniques. Additionally, it surveys the relationship between emotional intelligence and effective communication dynamics dwelling on the importance of building rapport, managing emotions and enhancing interpersonal communication. The key components of emotional intelligence include – self- awareness, self-regulation, social awareness, and relationship management examined in the context of both personal and professional communication. The research concludes that emotional intelligence is essential for enhancing communication effectiveness and fostering collaborative environments making it a critical skill in increasingly interconnected world.
Ethnobotanical Insights of Edible Wetland Plants from Northern Parts of Gadchiroli District, Maharashtra, India
The present study deals with the exploration, identification, documentation and ethnobotanical aspects with respect to food value of wild edible wetland plants consumed by aboriginal’s peoples from Northern Parts of Gadchiroli District of Maharashtra State India. An ethnobotanical survey of edible wetland plants of Northern Parts of Gadchiroli District were conducted during August 2023 to July 2024 through market & field surveys, personal interviews and group discussions with the indigenous communities, a total of 24 edible wetland species of 21 families were identified and documented. Edible wetland plant products are a nutritionally rich source of vitamins, minerals & proteins but on the other side these wetland edibles decline at alarming rate due to habitat destruction and overexploitation. This research underscores the potential of edible wetland flora as an untapped resource for food security and wetland biodiversity conservation. By integrating these wetland species into broader nutritional strategies, there is an opportunity to enhance the resilience of local food systems while safeguarding the ecological heritage of the region.
Revisiting the Financial and Social Burden of Dysmenorrhea
Dysmenorrhea, a common menstrual disorder, significantly impacts the financial and social well-being of working women. This study examines raw data from a recent cross-sectional survey of employed women in Rajasthan to investigate the economic and psychological consequences of dysmenorrhea. By analyzing factors such as absenteeism, reduced productivity, and coping mechanisms, this research addresses gaps in the current literature and proposes avenues for future investigation. The results underscore the necessity for comprehensive interventions to tackle the complex challenges associated with dysmenorrhea, particularly in the context of the workplace and women's overall quality of life. Dysmenorrhea, a common menstrual disorder, significantly impacts the financial and social well-being of working women. This study examines raw data from a recent cross-sectional survey of employed women in Rajasthan to investigate the economic and psychological consequences of dysmenorrhea. By analyzing factors such as absenteeism, reduced productivity, and coping mechanisms, this research addresses gaps in the current literature and proposes avenues for future investigation. The results underscore the necessity for comprehensive interventions to tackle the complex challenges associated with dysmenorrhea, particularly in the context of the workplace and women's overall quality of life.
Exploration and Documentation of Economic Benefits of Seasonal Wild Vegetables in Dhanora Tehsil from Gadchiroli District, Maharashtra, India
This study explores the multifaceted economic benefits of seasonal wild vegetables in Dhanora Tehsil, Gadchiroli District, Maharashtra. Located in the eastern region of Maharashtra, Dhanora Tehsil presents a remarkable landscape of ecological significance and traditional food systems. The region's unique ecological configuration, comprising tropical deciduous forests, varied topographical features, and distinct seasonal variations, creates an extraordinary biodiversity hotspot that supports an extensive array of wild vegetable species. Indigenous communities in Dhanora Tehsil possess intricate knowledge about seasonal wild vegetable identification, collection, processing, and utilization, which has been transmitted through oral traditions and practical learning across generations. This research aims to comprehensively explore and quantify the multifaceted economic benefits of seasonal wild vegetables, employing a holistic methodology that integrates ethnobotanical surveys, economic valuation techniques, and participatory rural appraisal methods. By systematically documenting the diversity, collection practices, economic contributions, and ecological interactions of wild vegetables, the study seeks to generate crucial insights that can inform more nuanced approaches to sustainable food systems, biodiversity conservation, and community-centered development strategies. Field surveys were carried out from 23 May 2024 to 26 August 2024, employing a multifaceted research methodology designed to comprehensively document the economic and ecological potential of seasonal wild vegetables. Throughout the field surveys, personal interviews, and group discussions with indigenous communities, 28 wild vegetable species of 24 Families were identified and documented. The study also sheds light on the traditional knowledge associated with harvesting, processing, and utilizing these wild vegetables, which has been passed down through generations.
Social Networking Sites and Youth's Mental Health
Social networking sites (SNS) have become an integral part of daily life for youth, providing platforms for communication, self-expression, and social interaction. However, alongside the benefits, SNS also expose young users to cyberbullying—a pervasive form of online harassment that has been linked to various mental health issues, including depression. This study investigates the relationship between cyberbullying and depression among youth, examining the prevalence, impact, and psychological effects of online bullying across different platforms. By employing a mixed-method approach, including content analysis, experimental exposure, and surveys, this research examines the impact of cyberbullying on youth aged 13-19. A sample of 600 participants from the U.S., U.K., and India provided data through structured surveys and interviews. Statistical tools, including regression analysis, ANOVA, and thematic analysis, were used to evaluate the association between cyberbullying experiences and depressive symptoms. The findings reveal that cyberbullying significantly contributes to increased depression levels among youth, with visual platforms like Instagram and Snapchat posing the highest risk. This study highlights the urgent need for intervention strategies to mitigate the impact of cyberbullying on youth mental health. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive anti-cyberbullying programs and mental health support for affected individuals.
Long-Term Neurological Impact of COVID-19
Background: COVID-19 has been associated with various neurological manifestations, ranging from mild symptoms like headaches to severe conditions such as strokes and encephalopathy. This systematic review aims to summarize the long-term neurological sequelae of COVID-19, focusing on cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, and mental health disorders. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of studies published between December 2019 and September 2024. Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were eligible if they assessed neurological outcomes in post-acute COVID-19 patients beyond six months of infection. A total of 1,527 studies were screened, and 56 were included in the final review. Results: The review identified five major categories of long-term neurological effects: Cognitive impairment (brain fog, memory loss) Mental health disorders (depression, anxiety, PTSD) Neurological diseases (Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s) Strokes and cerebrovascular events Peripheral neuropathies Conclusion: Evidence suggests significant long-term neurological impacts of COVID-19, especially cognitive impairments and the potential for neurodegenerative diseases. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to understand these effects fully.